Long‑Term Melatonin Use Associated with Increased Risk of Heart Failure and Mortality
New research suggests that prolonged consumption of melatonin supplements, commonly taken to improve sleep quality and treat insomnia, may be linked to a higher incidence of heart failure, hospitalizations for the condition, and overall mortality. The study, which analyzed health records of millions of adults over several years, found that individuals who used melatonin regularly for more than six months faced a statistically significant rise in cardiovascular events compared with non‑users.
Researchers examined data from large national health databases, focusing on adults aged 40 and older who reported consistent melatonin intake. After adjusting for variables such as age, pre‑existing heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and lifestyle factors, the analysis revealed a 15‑20% increase in the risk of being diagnosed with heart failure and a similar uptick in related hospital admissions. Mortality rates were also modestly elevated, prompting calls for a more cautious approach to over‑the‑counter sleep aids.
Medical experts caution that while melatonin is generally considered safe for short‑term use, its effects on the cardiovascular system over extended periods remain insufficiently understood. "Long‑term supplementation should be monitored closely, especially in patients with existing cardiac risk factors," said a spokesperson for a leading cardiology association. The authors of the study recommend that physicians discuss potential risks with patients seeking chronic melatonin therapy and consider alternative sleep‑management strategies when appropriate.
The findings arrive amid growing scrutiny of dietary supplements, which are not subject to the same rigorous testing as prescription medications. Regulatory agencies have previously highlighted concerns about unverified claims and variable product quality. In response, consumer‑health groups are urging clearer labeling and better public education on the safe use of melatonin, emphasizing that it is not a substitute for addressing underlying sleep disorders through behavioral or medical interventions.
Future research is expected to explore the biological mechanisms that could explain the observed association, such as melatonin’s influence on blood pressure regulation, heart rhythm, and inflammatory pathways. Until more definitive evidence emerges, healthcare providers are advised to weigh the benefits of melatonin for sleep against the potential cardiovascular risks, particularly for long‑term users.
